With the rapid development of UAV technology, small civilian UAV has been widely used in many fields such as aerial photography, agricultural plant protection, express delivery, and environmental monitoring. However, the popularity of drones has also brought many security risks and potential threats, such as illegal intrusion, malicious destruction, terrorist attacks, invasion of privacy, interference with aviation order, and carrying dangerous goods. In this context, anti-drone equipment came into being and has become an important tool to ensure national security and stability. This article will explain in detail the technical principle of anti-UAV equipment, jamming mode.
1. Anti-drone equipment technology
The anti-UAV equipment mainly includes detection system, identification system and jamming/destroying system. The detection system detects the presence of UAVs by means of acoustic, photoelectric/infrared, radar/laser and radio frequency detection. The identification system determines the type, origin and intent of the drone through image recognition, signal analysis and other technologies. The jamming/destroying system can control or destroy the UAV in a variety of ways.
Passive defense technique
Passive defense mainly includes camouflage/concealment/deception (CCD), dispersed deployment of troops, and asset reinforcement protection. Camouflage, concealment, and deception are designed to make it more difficult for small enemy drones to detect and identify targets through sensors. Dispersive deployment of troops is designed to improve the battlefield survivability of troops, while hardening or bunker protection can reduce the damage caused by enemy airdropped munitions.
Active defense technique
Active defense involves sensor technology and effector technology. Sensor technology is used to detect or identify drones, while effector technology is designed to impede or destroy drones. Effector technologies include kinetic energy interception (e.g., missiles, bullets), electronic jamming/spoofing/hacking techniques, high-energy lasers, and high-power microwave weapons.
2. Detailed explanation of interference mode
Electronic interference
Electronic interference is the transmission of strong interference signals that match the communication frequency band of the target UAV, which overwhelms or confuses the legitimate signals received by the UAV, causing it to be unable to correctly parse control commands or positioning information. This can force a drone to crash-land, hover or turn around. Electronic interference is non-destructive and does not cause physical damage to the drone.
Directed energy weapon
Directed energy weapons, such as high-energy lasers and high-power microwave weapons, can directly destroy drones. Laser weapons target key components of drones, such as engines and sensors, by focusing high-energy laser beams. High-power microwave weapons send high-intensity microwave pulses that disrupt or destroy the drone's electronic systems.
Net technique
Netting involves throwing a specially designed net at a drone, capturing it and landing it safely. This method is suitable for low-altitude drones, and will not cause damage to the drone, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and processing.
Omnidirectional radio jamming equipment
Omnidirectional radio jamming equipment is a high-tech product specially designed for UAV countermeasures. Its core components include signal generator, power amplifier, omnidirectional antenna system, control system and power supply unit. The device can generate interference signals in a specific frequency band, covering common UAV communication and control frequency bands to achieve all-round interference to the UAV.
Conclusion
With the continuous development of UAV technology, the application of anti-UAV equipment will be more and more extensive. In the future, anti-UAV equipment will pay more attention to the development direction of intelligence, integration and high efficiency, and provide a more powerful guarantee for the security and stability of the country and society.
