Low altitude control is a general term for a series of measures and technologies to manage and control low altitude flight activities. Low altitude usually refers to the true height of 1000 meters (including) below the space range, is an important strategic resource of the country, contains great economic, national defense and social value. The purpose of low-altitude control is to ensure the safety, order and efficiency of low-altitude flight activities to meet the needs of national economic development, national defense construction and society.
1. Radar system monitoring
Radar system monitoring is one of the important means of low altitude control of UAVs. Through the deployment of high-performance radar equipment, the real-time monitoring and positioning of low-flying UAVs can be realized. The radar system can scan the vast airspace, capture the flight path, speed and altitude of the UAV, and provide accurate data support for subsequent control measures.
Radar is an electronic device that uses electromagnetic waves to detect targets. Radar emits electromagnetic waves to irradiate the target and receive its echo, thereby obtaining the distance from the target to the electromagnetic wave transmitting point, range change rate (radial velocity), orientation, altitude and other information.
2.photoelectric tracking system
The photoelectric tracking system uses optical and infrared sensors to track and locate the drone. These systems are able to identify UAV targets in complex background environments and track their movements in real time. The photoelectric tracking system has the characteristics of high precision, high sensitivity and strong anti-interference ability, which is crucial to improve the accuracy of UAV control.
Photoelectric identification and tracking equipment, with dual spectral detection and tracking function, can monitor the area that needs to be monitored all day video surveillance. It can not only search the target in large field of view, but also observe and track the target in small field of view. At the same time, the system has automatic focusing, image transmission, automatic tracking and other functions, which greatly facilitates the monitoring of the detected target.
3. Radio spectrum monitoring
Radio spectrum monitoring is a key link in UAV control. By monitoring the communication signals between the UAV and the remote control or the ground station, the control instructions and flight status information of the UAV can be obtained. Radio spectrum monitoring technology can realize the remote identification and positioning of UAVs, and provide an important basis for subsequent control measures.
4. Electromagnetic interference technology
Electromagnetic interference technology is an effective means of UAV control. By transmitting electromagnetic interference signals of a specific frequency, the control system or communication system of the UAV can be interfered with, making it lose control or unable to communicate normally. Electromagnetic interference technology can quickly stop illegal activities of drones when necessary to ensure low-altitude safety.
5. Network attack and defense technology
With the continuous development of UAV technology, more and more UAVs begin to have network communication capabilities. Network attack and defense technology has therefore become an important part of drone control. By invading the control system or communication network of the UAV, the control of the UAV can be obtained or its communication can be blocked, and the remote control and restriction of the UAV can be realized.
6. laser system interference
Laser system jamming is a new type of UAV control technology. The use of high energy laser beam to irradiate the optical sensor or key components of the UAV can make it lose function or produce errors, so as to achieve the purpose of interfering with the UAV. Laser system jamming has the characteristics of high precision, high speed and long-distance action, which has significant advantages for the UAV dealing with high-speed flight.
7. Knapsack type checking and punching equipment
Knapsack inspection and attack integrated equipment is a UAV control tool that integrates monitoring and attack. The device, which typically consists of a portable radar, an electro-optical tracking system and a strike device, can be carried by a person or mounted on a vehicle for use. The knapsack detection and combat integrated equipment can quickly respond to and accurately identify low-flying drones, while taking necessary strike measures to effectively curb illegal activities of drones.
8. Cognitive radio protocol cracking
Cognitive radio protocol cracking is an important breakthrough in UAV control technology. Through in-depth research and analysis of the communication protocol of UAV, cracking its communication mechanism and simulating sending false commands, the control of UAV can be seized or its action can be restricted. This technology can cope with complex and changeable UAV communication protocols, and improve the flexibility and adaptability of management and control.
In summary, the UAV low altitude control technology covers radar system monitoring, photoelectric tracking system, radio spectrum monitoring, electromagnetic interference technology, network attack and defense technology, laser system interference, knapsack search and hit integrated equipment and cognitive radio protocol cracking and other aspects. The comprehensive application of these technologies can effectively improve the accuracy and effectiveness of low-altitude control of drones, and ensure low-altitude safety and social stability.
